Tails — the amnesic incognito live system (q2801412)

Can I install other add-ons in Tor Browser?

Installing add-ons in Tor Browser might break the security built in Tails.

Add-ons can do many things within the browser, and even if all the networking goes
through Tor, some add-ons might interact badly with the rest of the
configuration or leak private information.

1. They can track and reveal information about your browsing behaviour, browsing
   history, or system information, either on purpose or by mistake.

2. They can have bugs and security vulnerabilities that can be remotely exploited by an
   attacker.

3. They can have bugs breaking the security offered by other add-ons
   and break your anonymity.

4. They can break your anonymity by making your browsing behaviour
   distinguishable amongst other Tails users.

Unless proven otherwise, no add-on, apart from the ones already
included in Tails, have been seriously audited and should be
considered safe to use in this context.

• Browsing the web with Tor Browser

Файлы, драйверы и библиотеки

Практически каждое устройство в компьютере требует набор специального программного обеспечения. Это драйверы, библиотеки и прочие файлы, которые обеспечивают правильную работу компьютера.

• Скачать драйвер для видеокарты Nvidia GeForce
• Скачать драйвер для видеокарты AMD Radeon

Driver Updater

• загрузите Driver Updater и запустите программу;
• произведите сканирование системы (обычно оно занимает не более пяти минут);
• обновите устаревшие драйверы одним щелчком мыши.

существенно увеличить FPSAdvanced System Optimizer

• загрузите Advanced System Optimizer и запустите программу;
• произведите сканирование системы (обычно оно занимает не более пяти минут);
• выполните все требуемые действия. Ваша система работает как новая!

Когда с драйверами закончено, можно заняться установкой актуальных библиотек — DirectX и .NET Framework. Они так или иначе используются практически во всех современных играх:

• Скачать DirectX
• Скачать Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5
• Скачать Microsoft .NET Framework 4

• Скачать Microsoft Visual C++ 2005 Service Pack 1
• Скачать Microsoft Visual C++ 2008 (32-бит) (Скачать Service Pack 1)
• Скачать Microsoft Visual C++ 2008 (64-бит) (Скачать Service Pack 1)
• Скачать Microsoft Visual C++ 2010 (32-бит) (Скачать Service Pack 1)
• Скачать Microsoft Visual C++ 2010 (64-бит) (Скачать Service Pack 1)
• Скачать Microsoft Visual C++ 2012 Update 4
• Скачать Microsoft Visual C++ 2013

Download and upgrade

You need:

• Your Tails USB stick
• Another empty USB stick (at least 8 GB) 
• 1 hour to download Tails (
  1.1 GB
  )
• ½ hour to upgrade

It is currently impossible to manually upgrade a Tails USB stick
while running from itself. This scenario requires creating an
intermediary Tails on another USB stick, from which to upgrade your
Tails.

See our instructions on how to do a manual upgrade by:

• Downloading and upgrading from your Tails (more secure)
• Downloading and upgrading from Windows (more convenient)
• Downloading and upgrading from macOS (more convenient)
• Downloading and upgrading from Linux (more convenient)

Downloading and upgrading from Windows might be less secure if your
Windows has viruses. But, it might be more convenient and faster.

Fixed problems

• Video live wallpaper

  The new X.Org display server in Tails 3.0 should work on more newer
  graphical hardware.

• UEFI boot has been fixed on some machines (ThinkPad X220).

• MAC spoofing has been fixed on some network interfaces (TP-Link WN725N). (#12362)

For more details, read our changelog.

Known issues

• Tails Installer erroneously rejects some USB sticks. When this
  happens, a message that starts with «Skipping non-removable device»
  is displayed (#12696). To workaround this problem:

  1. Start the operating system you want to use Tails Installer on.
     If you want to use Tails Installer in Tails 3.0,
     set up an administration password.

  2. Choose

     Applications ▸
     System Tools ▸
     Root Terminal

     to open a terminal with administration rights.

  3. Execute the following command to fix the bug in Tails Installer:

     perl -pi -E ‘s,media_removable,removable,’ /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/tails_installer/creator.py

  4. Tails Installer should not expose this problem again… until you
     restart Tails, as these changes will be reverted upon restart.

• Tails fails to start on some computers with .

• Some users have reported problems during the migration from Icedove
  to Thunderbird, in particular that Thunderbird doesn’t start.

  If this happens to you, please

  without restarting Tails.

See the list of long-standing issues.

What’s coming up?

Tails 3.1 is scheduled for August 8.

Have a look at our roadmap to see where we are heading to.

We need your help and there are many ways to contribute to
Tails (donating is only one of
them). Come !

Что сделать в первую очередь

1. Скачайте и запустите всемирно известный CCleaner (скачать по прямой ссылке) — это программа, которая очистит ваш компьютер от ненужного мусора, в результате чего система станет работать быстрее после первой же перезагрузки;
2. Обновите все драйверы в системе с помощью программы Driver Updater (скачать по прямой ссылке) — она просканирует ваш компьютер и обновит все драйверы до актуальной версии за 5 минут;
3. Установите Advanced System Optimizer (скачать по прямой ссылке) и включите в ней игровой режим, который завершит бесполезные фоновые процессы во время запуска игр и повысит производительность в игре.

Why is JavaScript enabled by default in Tor Browser?

Many websites today require JavaScript to work correctly. As a consequence
JavaScript is enabled by default in Tails to avoid confusing many users. But
Tor Browser takes care of .

Tor Browser also includes a and the
extension to optionally disable more JavaScript. This might improve
security in some cases. However, if you disable JavaScript, then the
of your Tor Browser
differs from most users. This reduces your anonymity.

We think that having JavaScript enabled by default is the best possible
compromise between usability and security in this case.

We have plans to allow storing the security level in the Persistent Storage. (#9700)

Reducing the size of the download

When doing automatic upgrades, the size of the download increases over time.

You can reduce the size of the download of future automatic upgrades by doing a
to the latest version.

Your Tails USB stick stores:

• 1 base version that you first installed or to which you last did a manual
  upgrade
• 1 upgrade package containing all the changes made to Tails since the base
  version

For example, if you install a Tails USB stick with 4.6, the base version is
4.6, and:

• The upgrade to 4.7 is 181 MB.
• The upgrade to 4.8 is 347 MB.
• The upgrade to 4.9 is 418 MB.

But if you do a manual upgrade of the same USB stick from 4.7 to 4.8, the base
version becomes 4.8, and then:

The upgrade to 4.9 is only 205 MB, instead of 418 MB when 4.6 was
the base version.

Manual upgrade using Tails Installer

It might not always be possible to do an automatic upgrade as described .
For example, when:

• No automatic upgrade is available from our website for this version.
• The automatic upgrade is impossible for technical reasons (not enough
  memory, not enough free space on the USB stick, etc.).
• The automatic upgrade failed and you need to repair a Tails USB stick.
• You want to upgrade by cloning from another Tails USB stick which is
  already up-to-date, for example, when working offline or with a slow
  Internet connection.

After connecting to Tor, a dialog informs you if you have to
upgrade your USB stick using Tails Installer
to a newer version of Tails.

You can also do a manual upgrade to reduce the size of future automatic
upgrades, as described .

To do a manual upgrade, you can either:

• (below)
• (below)
• Burn a new Tails DVD
• Upgrade your virtual machine

4) Display the last n lines from multiple files

Moreover, you can list the last N lines from multiple files using the syntax below:

$ tail -n 5 file_1 file_2

We have another file called europe_countries.txt  that contains a list of European countries. To print the last 5 lines in both asian_countries.txt and europe_countries.txt text files, run the command:

$ tail -n 5 asian_countries.txt europe_countries.txt

This time around, notice the demarcation of the contents of the two files using the filename header that we mentioned in the previous step. When viewing contents from multiple files, the tag names are automatically added for better presentation.

If you wish to suppress, file name headers in tail command’s output then use ‘-q’ option, example is shown below:

$ tail -q -n 5 asian_countries.txt europe_countries.txt

Install Tails from a computer that you trust

Tails protects you from viruses and malware on your usual
operating system. This is because Tails runs independently from other operating systems.

But your Tails might be corrupted if you install from a compromised
operating system. To reduce that risk:

• Always install Tails from a trusted operating system.
  For example, download Tails on a computer without viruses or clone Tails
  from a trusted friend.

• Do not plug your Tails USB stick while another operating
  system is running on the computer.

• Use your Tails USB stick only to run Tails. Do not use your Tails
  USB stick to transfer files to or from another operating system.

If you worry that your Tails might be corrupted, do a manual
upgrade from a trusted operating system.

We don’t know of any virus able to infect a Tails
installation, but one could be created in the future.

How to analyse the results of online anonymity tests?

Fingerprinting websites, such as https://coveryourtracks.eff.org/,
try to retrieve as much information as possible from
your browser to see if it can be used to identify you.

As explained in our documentation about
, Tails provides anonymity by
making it difficult to distinguish a particular user amongst all the users of
Tor Browser (either in Tails or on other operating systems).

So, the information retrieved by such fingerprinting websites is not harmful for
anonymity in itself, as long as it is the same for all users of Tor Browser.

For example, the user-agent string of Tor Browser includes
Windows NT but this value preserves your anonymity even if
you run Windows NT. On the other hand, changing this value makes you distinguishable from
other users of Tor Browser and, as a
consequence, weakens your anonymity.

Furthermore, we verify the result of those websites before each release, see our
test suite.

Is it safe to use an older version of Tails?

It is not safe to use an older version of Tails. Only the latest version of
Tails should be used.

Because it is not safe to use an older version of Tails, we distribute only
the latest version of Tails.

Older versions of Tails have security vulnerabilities and other issues that
are fixed in the latest version of Tails.

We understand why you might want to use an older version of Tails. For
example, the latest version of Tails might not be compatible with your
hardware.

If you are experiencing an issue with the latest version of Tails, you can
check our list of known issues to find out if there
is a workaround for the issue you are experiencing.

If there is no known workaround for the issue you are experiencing, you might
want to make a bug report to let us know
about the issue.

Does Tails collect information about its users?

When Tails starts, two HTTPS requests are made automatically to our website
through Tor:

• A security check is performed to know if security issues have been announced
  for this version of Tails. The language of the working session is passed along
  with this request to display the notification in the preferred language of the
  user.
• Tails Upgrader
  checks for newer versions. The version of the running Tails is passed along
  with this request.

We believe it is important to notify the user of known security issues and newer
versions. We calculate statistics based on the security check to know how many times
Tails has been started and connected to Tor. Those statistics are published in
our monthly reports.

Why isn’t Tails based on Ubuntu?

First, see the answer to the .

1. The rapid development cycle of Ubuntu would be too fast for Tails.
2. Ubuntu adds features in ways that we find dangerous for privacy. For example
   Ubuntu One
   (partly discontinued)
   and the Amazon ads and data leaks.
3. Ubuntu is led by a company that takes most of the important decisions and has
   the power to make them happen.
4. We usually ship kernels and video drivers from Debian
   backports. The result
   is comparable to Ubuntu in terms of support for recent hardware.
5. We think that the general quality of the maintenance work being done on
   packages matters from a security perspective. Debian maintainers generally are
   experts in the fields their packages deal with; while it is generally not
   the case outside of the limited number of packages Ubuntu officially supports.
6. We are actively working on improving
   AppArmor support in Tails; a security
   framework that is already used in a few Ubuntu applications.
7. We are also working on adding compiler hardening options to more Debian
   packages included in Tails; another security feature that Ubuntu already
   provides.

Tails of Iron, скачанная с торрента не работает. Решение

Такие версии игр использовать не просто неудобно, а даже опасно, ведь очень часто в них изменены многие файлы. Например, для обхода защиты пираты модифицируют EXE-файл. При этом никто не знает, что они еще с ним делают. Быть может, они встраивают само-исполняющееся программное обеспечение. Например, майнер, который при первом запуске игры встроится в систему и будет использовать ее ресурсы для обеспечения благосостояния хакеров. Или вирус, дающий доступ к компьютеру третьим лицам. Тут никаких гарантий нет и быть не может.

К тому же использование пиратских версий — это, по мнению нашего издания, воровство. Разработчики потратили много времени на создание игры, вкладывали свои собственные средства в надежде на то, что их детище окупится. А каждый труд должен быть оплачен.

Поэтому при возникновении каких-либо проблем с играми, скачанными с торрентов или же взломанных с помощью тех или иных средств, следует сразу же удалить «пиратку», почистить компьютер при помощи антивируса и приобрести лицензионную копию игры. Это не только убережет от сомнительного ПО, но и позволит скачивать обновления для игры и получать официальную поддержку от ее создателей.

New features

New startup and shutdown experience

• Tails Greeter, the application to configure Tails at startup, has
  been completely redesigned for ease of use:

  • All options are available from a single window.
  • Language and region settings are displayed first to benefit our
    international audience.
  • Accessibility features can be enabled from the start.

  This has been a long process, started three years ago with the UX team of
  NUMA Paris and lead only by volunteers. Join us on
  to participate in future
  designs!

• The shutdown experience has also been redesigned in order to be:

  • More reliable. It was crashing on various computers with
    unpredictable results.
  • More discrete. The screen is now totally black to look less
    suspicious.

  Technically speaking, it is now using the freed memory poisoning
  feature of the Linux kernel.

Polishing the desktop

• We switched to the default black theme of GNOME which has a more
  modern and discrete look:

• Tails 3.0 benefits from many other small improvements to the GNOME desktop:

  • Files has been redesigned to reduce clutter and make the interface easier
    to use. Several new features have been added, such as the ability to
    rename multiple files at the same time and the ability to extract
    compressed files without needing a separate application.

  • The notification area has been improved to allow easy access to previous
    notifications. Notification popups have also been repositioned to make them
    more noticeable.

  • Shortcut windows have been added to help you discover keyboard shortcuts in
    GNOME applications.

    For example, press Ctrl+F1 in Files to
    display its shortcut window.

Security improvements in depth

Tails 3.0 works on
64-bit computers
only and not on 32-bit computers anymore. Dropping hardware support,
even for a small portion of our user base, is always a hard decision
to make but being 64-bit only has important security and reliability
benefits. For example, to protect against some types of security
exploits, support for the NX bit
is compulsory and most binaries are hardened with
PIE
which allows ASLR.

Check if your computer is 64-bit or 32-bit.

1. Start any Tails version.

2. To open a terminal choose
   Applications ▸
   Utilities ▸
   Terminal.

3. Execute the following command to display system information:

   • If the output is , your computer is 64-bit and Tails 3.0
     should work.

   • If the output is , your computer is 32-bit and Tails 3.0 will
     not work.

Update Tor Browser to 7.0.1 (based on Firefox 52 ESR) which is
multiprocess
and paves the way to content
sandboxing. This should
make it harder to exploit security vulnerabilities in the browser.

Major upgrades to included software

• Most included software has been upgraded in Debian 9, for example:

  • KeePassX from 0.4.3 to 2.0.3
    Your password database will be
    to the new format of KeePassX 2.
  • LibreOffice from 4.3.3 to 5.2.6
  • Inkscape from 0.48.5 to 0.92.1
  • Audacity from 2.0.6 to 2.1.2
  • Enigmail from 1.8.2 to 1.9.6
  • MAT from 0.5.2 to 0.6.1
  • Dasher from 4.11 to 5.0
  • git from 2.1.4 to 2.11.0

Mac

• Any Mac with 32-bit EFI might not start on Tails.
  You can check if a given Mac is 32-bit
  or 64-bit EFI on that list:
  https://www.everymac.com/mac-answers/snow-leopard-mac-os-x-faq/mac-os-x-snow-leopard-64-bit-macs-64-bit-efi-boot-in-64-bit-mode.html

• MacBook Air Retina 2018 and 2019

  To start Tails successfully, add the following boot option when
  starting Tails:

  Still, the trackpad and keyboard may not work. You may use an external
  mouse and keyboard.

• MacBook Pro (recent models): the keyboard, trackpad, and Touch Bar might
  not work. But, you can use an external keyboard and mouse.

  If the keyboard, trackpad, and Touch Bar do work on your recent MacBook Pro
  model, please let us know so that we can update this page accordingly.

• MacBook Pro 8,3 17″ (AMD Radeon HD6770M and Intel HD Graphics 3000)

  If Tails fails to start, add the following boot option when
  starting Tails:

• MacBook Pro 5,1 17″ (Nvidia GeForce 9400M)

  To make the display work properly, add the following boot option when
  starting Tails:

• MacBook Pro 16,1 (A2141)

  The computer freezes then automatically restarts. An error message
  appears saying that the computer was restarted because of a problem.

  To prevent this from occurring, add the following boot option when
  starting Tails:

• MacBook Air 3,2 (A1369 EMC 2392) freezes when booting Tails in
  UEFI mode.

• Mac Pro Tower and MacBook Pro 4,1 (both from early 2008)
  fail to start on Tails.

Tails of Iron лагает. Большая задержка при игре. Решение

Многие путают «тормоза» с «лагами», но эти проблемы имеют совершенно разные причины. Tails of Iron тормозит, когда снижается частота кадров, с которой картинка выводится на монитор, и лагает, когда задержка при обращении к серверу или любому другому хосту слишком высокая.

Именно поэтому «лаги» могут быть только в сетевых играх. Причины разные: плохой сетевой код, физическая удаленность от серверов, загруженность сети, неправильно настроенный роутер, низкая скорость интернет-соединения.

Впрочем, последнее бывает реже всего. В онлайн-играх общение клиента и сервера происходит путем обмена относительно короткими сообщениями, поэтому даже 10 Мб в секунду должно хватить за глаза.

Why does Tails ship the GNOME Desktop?

We had users ask for LXDE, XFCE, MATE, KDE, and so on, but we are not going to
change desktop. According to us, the main drawback of GNOME is that it
requires quite a lot of resources to work properly, but it has many advantages.
The GNOME Desktop is:

• Well integrated, especially for new Linux users.
• Very well translated and documented.
• Doing relatively good regarding accessibility features.
• Actively developed.
• Well maintained in , where it is the default
  desktop environment.

We invested quite some time in acquiring GNOME
knowledge, and switching our desktop environment would require going through that
process again.

We are not proposing several desktop environments to choose from because
we want to .

Kodachi

Tails не единственная приватная ОС, но именно она является наиболее известной. С небольшим отрывом по популярности за ней следует Kodachi — еще один форк Debian, ориентируемый на пользователей, которым явно есть что скрывать от государственных ведомств, занимающихся компьютерной криминалистикой. Kodachi имеет приятный, стилизованный под MacOS интерфейс, в составе системы имеется небольшой набор самых необходимых приложений, включая обеспечивающих анонимность в сети Tor и VPN.

Системой поддерживается протокол DNScrypt, быстрая смена IP, запуск приложений во встроенной песочнице Firejail, защита от перехвата содержимого ОЗУ методом холодной перезагрузки, полное удаление данных с диска, есть даже функция самоуничтожения 🙂

Особое внимание уделяется средствам криптографии и в Kodachi их более чем достаточно. В отличие от Tails, Kodachi может быть установлена на диск собственными средствами, доступ к томам базовой системы (если Kodachi запускается в режиме LiveCD) открыт

В Tails of Iron не работает управление. Tails of Iron не видит мышь, клавиатуру или геймпад. Решение

Как играть, если невозможно управлять процессом? Проблемы поддержки специфических устройств тут неуместны, ведь речь идет о привычных девайсах — клавиатуре, мыши и контроллере.

Таким образом, ошибки в самой игре практически исключены, почти всегда проблема на стороне пользователя. Решить ее можно по-разному, но, так или иначе, придется обращаться к драйверу. Обычно при подключении нового устройства операционная система сразу же пытается задействовать один из стандартных драйверов, но некоторые модели клавиатур, мышей и геймпадов несовместимы с ними.

Таким образом, нужно узнать точную модель устройства и постараться найти именно ее драйвер. Часто с устройствами от известных геймерских брендов идут собственные комплекты ПО, так как стандартный драйвер Windows банально не может обеспечить правильную работу всех функций того или иного устройства.

Если искать драйверы для всех устройств по отдельности не хочется, то можно воспользоваться программой Driver Updater. Она предназначена для автоматического поиска драйверов, так что нужно будет только дождаться результатов сканирования и загрузить нужные драйвера в интерфейсе программы.

Нередко тормоза в Tails of Iron могут быть вызваны вирусами. В таком случае нет разницы, насколько мощная видеокарта стоит в системном блоке. Проверить компьютер и отчистить его от вирусов и другого нежелательного ПО можно с помощью специальных программ. Например NOD32. Антивирус зарекомендовал себя с наилучшей стороны и получили одобрение миллионов пользователей по всему миру.

ZoneAlarm подходит как для личного использования, так и для малого бизнеса, способен защитить компьютер с операционной системой Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista и Windows XP от любых атак: фишинговых, вирусов, вредоносных программ, шпионских программ и других кибер угроз. Новым пользователям предоставляется 30-дневный бесплатный период.

Nod32 — анитивирус от компании ESET, которая была удостоена многих наград за вклад в развитие безопасности. На сайте разработчика доступны версии анивирусных программ как для ПК, так и для мобильных устройств, предоставляется 30-дневная пробная версия. Есть специальные условия для бизнеса.

Wi-Fi not working

If your Wi-Fi interface is not working, either:

• There is no Wi-Fi option in the system menu:

• The interface is disabled when starting Tails or when plugging in your USB
  Wi-Fi adapter:

  In this case, you can disable MAC address anonymization to get your Wi-Fi interface
  to work in Tails. Disabling MAC address anonymization has security implications, so read
  carefully our documentation about MAC
  address anonymization before doing so.

To connect to the Internet, you can try to:

• Use an Ethernet cable instead of Wi-Fi if possible. Wired interfaces work
  much more reliably than Wi-Fi in Tails.

• Share the Wi-Fi or mobile data connection of your phone using a
  USB cable. Sharing a connection this way is called USB tethering.

  See instructions for:

  • iPhones or iPads
    Only sharing mobile data works on iPhones and iPads; sharing Wi-Fi does not work.

  Tails cannot hide the information that identifies your phone on the local network.
  If you connect your phone to:

  • A Wi-Fi network, then the network will know the MAC
    address of your phone. This has security implications that are discussed in
    our documentation on MAC address anonymization.
    Some phones have a feature to hide the real MAC address of the phone.

  • A mobile data network, then
    the network will be able to know the identifier of your SIM card (IMSI)
    and also the serial number of your phone (IMEI).

• Buy a USB Wi-Fi adapter that works in Tails:

  Vendor	Model	Size	Speed	Price	Buy offline	Buy online
  Panda Wireless	Ultra	Nano	150 Mbit/s	$12	No	Amazon
  Panda Wireless	PAU05	Small	300 Mbit/s	$14	No	Amazon

• Check in the following sections
  if there is a workaround to get your Wi-Fi interface work in Tails.

Tails of Iron вылетает. В определенный или случайный момент. Решение

Играете вы себе, играете и тут — бац! — все гаснет, и вот уже перед вами рабочий стол без какого-либо намека на игру. Почему так происходит? Для решения проблемы стоит попробовать разобраться, какой характер имеет проблема.

Если вылет происходит в случайный момент времени без какой-то закономерности, то с вероятностью в 99% можно сказать, что это ошибка самой игры. В таком случае исправить что-то очень трудно, и лучше всего просто отложить Tails of Iron в сторону и дождаться патча.

Однако если вы точно знаете, в какие моменты происходит вылет, то можно и продолжить игру, избегая ситуаций, которые провоцируют сбой.

Однако если вы точно знаете, в какие моменты происходит вылет, то можно и продолжить игру, избегая ситуаций, которые провоцируют сбой. Кроме того, можно скачать сохранение Tails of Iron в нашем файловом архиве и обойти место вылета.

Examples

tail myfile.txt

Outputs the last 10 lines of the file myfile.txt.

tail -n 100 myfile.txt

Outputs the last 100 lines of the file myfile.txt.

tail -f myfile.txt

Outputs the last 10 lines of myfile.txt, and monitors myfile.txt for updates; tail then continues to output any new lines that are added to myfile.txt.

Tip

The tail command follows the file forever. To stop it, press Ctrl+C.

tail -f access.log | grep 24.10.160.10

This is a useful example of using tail and grep to selectively monitor a log file in real time.

In this command, tail monitors the file access.log. It pipes access.log‘s final ten lines, and any new lines added, to the grep utility. grep reads the output from tail, and outputs only those lines which contain the IP address 24.10.160.10.

Can I use Tails with a VPN?

Tails does not work with VPNs.

There are three scenarios where a VPN would be involved in Tails:

• Using a VPN instead of Tor.
• Using a VPN to connect to Tor (VPN before Tor).
• Connecting to a VPN using Tor (VPN after Tor).

For more information, see our blueprint on VPN support.

Using a VPN instead of Tor

Unlike Tor, using a VPN does not provide anonymity.

Tor provides anonymity by making it impossible for a single point in the
network to know both the origin and destination of a connection.

With VPNs, the administrators of the VPN can know both where you are
connecting from and where you are connecting to.

It is fundamental to Tails that all outgoing traffic be
forced through Tor. We have no plans to make it possible to use a VPN
instead of Tor in the future.

Using a VPN to connect to Tor (VPN before Tor)

In some situations, you might need to use a VPN to connect to Tor.
For example, your Internet Service Provider (ISP) might restrict connections to Tor relays.

In these situations, try using
Tor bridges to
bypass the restrictions imposed by your ISP or local network.

It is currently impossible to use a VPN in Tails to connect to Tor.
We might make this possible in the future. (#17843)

Connecting to a VPN using Tor (VPN after Tor)

In some situations, it can be useful to connect to a VPN through Tor:

• To access services that block connections coming from Tor.
• To access resources only available inside a VPN, for example, a server at
  your company or university.

It is currently impossible to connect to a VPN in Tails using Tor.
We might make this possible in the future. (#5858)

Итоги

Tails — это наиболее известная из имеющихся в открытом доступе анонимная операционная система. Лучшей рекламой ОС является то, что ее использовал сам Эдвард Сноуден, и он рекомендует Tails всем пользователям, заботящимся о своей анонимности, особенно во время доступа во всемирную сеть.

На текущий момент доступна версия Tails 1.1, но уже известны планы по работам над версиями 2.0 и 3.0, в которых будет ускорен процесс интеграции обновлений, что позволит быстрее закрывать найденные уязвимости в используемых приложениях и ОС Linux. Также будут проводиться работы в направлении дальнейшего улучшения защищенности системы и механизмов сохранения анонимности пользователя.

Пока основная часть разработчиков продолжает работать над Tails для ПК и ноутбуков, небольшая часть программистов сконцентрировалась над созданием Tails для мобильных устройств под управлением Android и Ubuntu, выход которой, скорее всего, будет анонсирован в ближайшем будущем.